CONDITIONAL

Conditionals = if/when

ZERO - If + sub + base verb , sub + base verb

scientific

Todas as vezes isso vai acontecer

If ice melts, it becomes water.

FIRST - If + sub + base verb , sub + modal + base

Probabilities

If I go to the movies, I will eat popcorn

                                       might/ may/could

Nem sempre eu vou comer pipoca.

ZERO - fatos, superticão, preferencias, coisas do dia a dia como rotinas e hábitos, regras, causas e efeitos, dar instruções, sugestões e conselhos, pedidos

IF + PRESENT SIMPLE + PRESENT SIMPLE

Posso usar when/unless

coisas que são sempre verdade

Posso usar modals

present continuing + present simple

If I mix hydrogen with oxygen, it turns into water.

If you fly with budge airlines, the drink are expensive.

Unless I'm late for work, I always catch the train.

When I stir fry vegetables, I prefer olive oil.

If you're in class, don't use your phone.

If you eat too much junk food, you can get fat.

It's bad luck if the groom sees the bride before the wedding.

If Bill comes here again, tell him I'm not scared of him!

If you go to the beach, put on lots of sunscreen.

If you go past the groceries stores, get a few things for me please.

MUITO BOM

subjunctive mood -
it is not real situation
possibilities

Sentences in the First Conditional express fact.

We use the first conditional to expres a possible condition and its expected result in the future.

first conditional = If + present simple, will + base verb

Examples

- If you buy a used car, you will save money.

- I'll give you a call tonight if I'm not too busy.

- If we see one, we'll get it for you.

vocabulary:

hypothetical: as imagined situation/a situation that is only in the mind - a thought

Conditional: something happens under a certain situation

If it doesn't rain, we will play soccer.

If I resolve the problem, I will be fulfilled.

If I study ib Spokane, I'll be so happy!

If I have money, I will travel across the world.

If it rains, the match will be canceled.

If I have time, I will study English.

2nd conditional: used to express hypothetical situations in present or future.

Second contiditional = If + past simple, would/could + base verb

- If I didn't have bad eyes, I would become a pilot.

- What would you do if you were me?

- Second conditional senteces do not generally express fact or reality.

- Instead, they express the opposite of reality in the present and future.

- Second conditional sentences express a hypothetical situation.

- The hypothetical situation is express by backshifting the if clause to the past.

Second conditional = if + past simple, would/could + base verb

If I were you, I woud tell her. (advice)

If I had a rich girlfriend, I would marry her.

tune (someone) out - stop listening

If I were happy in my job, I wouldn't be looking for another one.

If I could, Id attend this class.

If I studied hard, I would pass the exam.

Differences between first and second conditional sentences

- The difference between first and second conditional sentences is not related to time.

- By using a past form in the second conditional, the speaker is expressing that the situation is hypothetical.

- This means that the situation may be less probable, imaginary, or impossible.

EXAMPLES

- If I have enough time, I will eat breakfast before class starts.

- If I had enough time, I would eat breakfast before class started.

If I don't eat soon, I will be starving during the movie.

If I didn't eat soon, I would be starving during the movie.

If the construction was started earlier, the streets would be open now.

Third conditional sentences are never based on fact.

-They express a hypothetical situation in the past. The situation did not happen.]

- The hypothetical situation is explained by a backshifting of the past tense to the past perfect.

-Would changes to the perfect infinitive.

Third conditional = if + past perfect, would/could +have + past participle

Examples

If you hadn't left home early, you would have arrived late.

We wouldn't have done that if we had known.

we wouldn't have met each other if we hadn't been in the same class.

If you had attended class yesterday, you would have learned a great deal.

I wouldn't have walked home from the disco if my griend hadn't been too drunk to drive.

FIRST CONDITIONAL

If my team loses this match, they will be out of the tournament.

REAL POSSIBILITIES

- Future probabilities

- real possibilities

IF + present simple, will + base form

If it snows, school will be canceled.

If we have time, we'll stop in Seattle.

If he fails this test, he won't pass the course.

TIPS

- Watch you punctuation

- comma - If the dependent clause comes before the main clause you need a comma.

School will be cancelled if it snows.

If I decide to go to the party, I'll call you.

THREATS/WARNINGS/NEGOTIATION

If you do that again, there will be consequences!

If we don't start saving money, we will be in debt forever.

I'll give you twenty bucks if you do my chemistry homework.

- going to

If I'm late again this week, my teacher is going to kill me.

TIPS

-real possibilities

If I get a pet orca whale, I will name him Steve.

If you study at CCEL, you will have a giid time.

If global warming continues, we're going to see more severe weather.

If you aks me for money, I will be surprosed.

If I go on holiday this summer, I will lie on the beach.

If you leave, I will be sad.

You can finish my fries if you want.

If we work together, we will finish in a short time.

TIME CLAUSES

Same sentence structure

when, as soon as, until, before, after.

I'll call you before I leave for the airport.

Until he apologizes, I will not speak to him.

I'll get something to eat when I'm at the game.

WHEN - IF

if - probabilities

I want to be buried in Vancouver when I die.

Pq não fala de probabilidade, então uso when

If I arrive late for class, my teacher will get angry.

THE THIRD CONDITIONAL

-Talks about an event in the past, that never happened or will never happen.

If I had lived in Canada, I would have worked as an Architect.

- Used also to sound like a dream, a critic or regret.

condition + result

If + past perfect ( had + past part.)

would + have + pas. part.

I would have worked as an Architect, if I had lived in Canada.

- Talks about an event in the past, that never happened or will never happen.

If + past perfect ( had + past. part.)

If you had lived in Canada, which city would you have liked to live in?

If clause, + result claus

(condition/subordinate clause), + (consequence/main/other clause)

If + any present tense, + any future tense

If + present simple, + future simple (using will)

using unless

Unless I miss the bus, I won't catch a taxi

result clause + if clause

QUESTIONS

yES/No questions:

If + present simple + will + subject + verb (base form)

If + you miss the bus + will + you + catch a taxi?

Answers:

Yes, I will

No, I won't

Open questions:

If + present simple, + wh-/how + will + subject + verb (base form)

If you miss the bus How will  you get home 

If I miss the bus, I'll catch a taxi.

Possibilities and uncertain events and situations with results and consequences.

If we miss the bus again, I'll be late for my favourite show!

future plans and invitations

If the weather's good tomorrow, we'll go to the park.

I hate going to the park ...

Offers and promises

Daddy, can you watch Pokemon with me?

If I finish my work, I'll watch Pokemon with you.

Negotiations

If you help me make dinner, I'll help you with your homework.

But I don't want you to help me with my homework. I want you to watch Pokemon with me!

Treats and warnings

If you keep acting like this, you'll be grounded for a week!

Just kidding! You're the best dad ever!

Polite requests

Can you watch Pokemon with me now?

If you'll give me a moment, I'll be right there sweetie!

ok, finally finished washing the dishes. What did I miss?

Forget about it. The show's already over.

stretched thin (adj.) - doing too much/too many different jobs and different places

first - real

2nd - used to express a hypothetical situation

third conditional - used to express a hypothetical situation in the past

(regret)

mixed conditionals - past 

- In grammar, we studied the three main kinds of conditional sentences in English.

- We studied that the second conditional is used for the present or future.

Examples:

- If I had more money, I would buy a big house. (Present/Future)

- If I were you, I woudn't be doing that. (Present)

- If my country held the next Olympics, I would be so proud. (Future)

We studied that the third conditional is used for the past.

Example

- If I had had breakfast this morning, I would have eaten eggs. (past)

- If it had rained yesterday, the game would have been cancelled. (past)

Examples

- If I had more money, I would buy a big house. (Present/future)

- If I were you, I wouldn't be doing that. (Present)

- If my country held the next Olympics would be so pround. (future)

third - past

In grammar, we are going to learn that second and third conmditional sentences can sometimes work together.

PAST CONDITION + PRESENT RESULT

1- Image you didn't eat breakfast before school. The result of this now is that you are very hungry.

- If I had eaten breakfast before school, I wouldn't be so hungry now.

2 - Imagine you were born in an English-speaking country. The result of this is that your English is perfect.

- If I hadn't been born in an English-speaking country, my English wouldn't be perfect.

3 - Imagine it was Jim's birthday yesterday. The result of this is that he is sick this morning.

- If it hadn't been Jim's birthday yesterday, he wouldn't be sick this morning.

PRESENT CONDITION + PAST RESULT

FIRST COND.

If I lose myself tonight, It'll be by your side. I lose myself tonight

If I lose myself tonight, It'll be you and I 

2nd - hipotese

If I were a boy even just for a day, I'd roll outta bed in the mornin'and throw on what I wanted and go 

If I were a boy I think I could understand

If I was a rich girl, see , I'd have all the money in the world, if I was a wealthy girl

third

I should have changed that stupid lock

I should have made you leave your key

If I had known for just one second You'd be back to bother me

Would it be totally weird if I used it?

If I were to ask Keslie Winkle out, it would just be for dinner.

If you were a robot and I knew and you didn't, would you want me to tell you?

I was you boyfriend, I'd never let you go (Não seria I were)

If you had my child, you would make my life complete

I won't give up on us, even if the skies get rough